Tobacco Use Among Adolescents And Young Adults - 1287 Words

Introduction Tobacco use among adolescents has been increasing over the years due to marketing strategies that target adolescents and attempt to promote beliefs that influence smoking behaviors. Many of the smoking behaviors are established in adolescents and young adults who are more influenced by exposure to promotional marketing advertisements such as billboards, transit ads, and other strategies that impose acceptable social norms among their peers. According to the CDC, in 2012, 6.7% of middle school students and 23.3% of high school students were currently consuming a variety of tobacco products that included cigarettes, hookahs, smokeless tobacco, and pipes. Also, those who are initially occasional smokers become more likely to continue smoking in the future (CDC, 2012). E-cigarette advertising has also targeted youth tobacco use by increased target rating points 256% from 2011 to 2013 (Duke et al.,2014). The study attributes the trends in smoking to television advertising tha t influence the acceptability of using alternate tobacco products. According to Choi et al (2014), tobacco direct mail marketing was associated an increase in cigarette use among non-smokers and a lower change in smoking reduction among smokers in the sample. Although prior research has been conducted to investigate how tobacco marketing influences smoking behaviors, specific advertising techniques that attracted adolescent consumers were not determined. This study hypothesized that televisionShow MoreRelatedThe Health Behavior Of Tobacco Use Among Adolescents1656 Words   |  7 PagesTobacco Use Among Adolescents Karah Brasher National University Abstract This paper addresses the health behavior of tobacco use among adolescents. There are many risk factors that contribute to this health behavior, as well as risk factors that contribute to the morbidity and mortality of tobacco use among adolescents. 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Security Analysis And It Security Policy Manager At My...

In writing this paper I spoke with Security Analysis and IT Security Policy Manager at my place of employment when researching this paper. They gave me some insightful direction as to the information, where to look for information and the important security issues to reference. Working in IT for the last 10 years I have also had to deal with many of these policies first hand. Additionally, I referenced the PowerPoints presented in class and The CISSP and CAP Prep Guide: Platinum Edition that I purchased and used for the quiz in class. When discussing the topic of information security there are many concepts, elements and topics to discuss. Some of the information to be discussed here are the ten domains of Computer Information Systems†¦show more content†¦This is a company that I made-up just for name sake of this paper. This is not a comprehensive list however will point out some of the more important points. To begin with, any security professional must take in to account the three fundamentals of principles of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA) that set the security posture for an organizations information security department. Integrity ensures that unauthorized alteration to information is not made, alterations are not made by unauthorized personnel, and the information is reliable both internally and externally. Confidentiality unauthorized release of information, regardless if the release is internally or externally. Availability for the users to be able to access the data in a consistent and timely manner that will add value to their job is also necessary. The process and choice of classifying information is very important. Data of different types have different values to the owner of the information. Some data may be of more value or critical importance than other data. Certain information is therefore valuable, and if lost could cause great financial loss. Total Layer IT will classify its information using the terms Public, Sensitive, Private, and Confidential based on the information’s value, age, useful life, and personal association. Based upon the business needs certain groups will have access to these various levels of information.

The Potential Impact of Grass Fires under High Voltage Power Lines

Question: Describe about the potential impact of grass fires under High Voltage power lines. Answer: Introduction The forest as well as Agricultural areas often crossed by the bare power lines . The control of high amount of flames and dense smoke in the lines vicinity due to air electric strength and in brazil, mexico, canada, USA, south africa, and australia the probability of ground fault was being considered. In the above countries fire in Forest, Grass, Sugar cane /Bush ravage of huge area which often put at risk the reliability of power line. The unusual danger in environment condition of Overhead line and During Persian gulf war Electrical or Electronic equipment were eminent. The outage of line due to occurance of Forest fires ,were seen at poland . The early on studies of fire in the electric field was being worked from malinowski ,haber in the year 1920. The effect of local fire on the air dielectric strength was examined at wroclaw university of technology by Janat . The fundamental study take the machinery response for decreasing the air electrical strength in occurrence of fire. Fur ther guidance for safety of public and Firemen were worked out in considering the fire provoked flashover with a consequence of hazardous situation. Impact The decrese in electrical strength of air under control of flame and smoke can be clarify considering three factors: Air density reduction due to high temperature Electric charge generated by flame Smoke particles Ground fault occures ,when flames crop up in the surrounding area of phase conductor. However smoke might foul the insulators which lead to flashover in the existence of moisture content generate due to fire combating process. This may create hazardous voltage potentials in near by surrounding area of towers. Hence it is desirable to let alone the area of radious within 10 m from the tower position.Frequently , ground faults will not occures if propane gas flames are at 2 m minimum length from phase conductors in case of 500 kV line. However, the safety distance of clearance should be increased ,when flame and intense smokes are combinedly present . For 400 kv line the distance of safety should maintained at a distance of 3 m from the position of phase conductor. When ACSR conductors (aluminum stranded steel reinforced conductors) are being exposed /heated by the fires: mechanical strength of conductor reduced lesser than the new conductor rated value. However Zinc coating on steel strands can be detached and galvanic corrosion should be considered. This tendency of corrosion in Aluminum strands in the inner layer and in bare conductor strand. Forest fire is an significant factor in reduction of durability of ACSR conductors in use. The no of flashover occurred due to Sugar cane fire which was seen hundreds of years ago in the South Africa. One strategies was being used to solve the setback is, the development of a device which detect existence of fire under the possibility of fire flashover. The extreme rise in temperature and float particle generated by the fire near an live line initiate enhancement of Corona discharges,that creates significant rise in level of radio frequency noise wave. To discriminate between radio noise wave generated due to fire, conductors corona discharge and polluted insulators noise due to dry and wet condition of weather . In most of the suitable dry weather , high noise signal generated by fire are being distinguished from the noise produced by the conductors, corona and due to polluted insulators. Occurance of Fire The flashover of fire mechanism air act as an isolated medium because of its dielectric properties between the live conductors and the ground placed below it. During occurance of fire the air properties get changed to smoke particles which filled the desired space between the ground and the transmission lines that could result in electric discharge /flashover that was occurred . That normally refer to a lines fault/ flashovers. During fire induction flashover in power lines is extremely dynamic and complex also. Authors explained the phenomena in different source (sukhnandan , Hoch 2002). To prevent the spread of fire on transmission lines in which early on fire detection data is desired for Bushfire conference occurred in 2006 ,Brisbane 6 to 9 June 2006 which was satellite based primary warn to fires that reduce fire /flashover in transmission lines located and provides additional information basing on the temperature as well as size. In past Eskom lines the manager was follow the i nformation from local residential area about occurrence and position of fire. In Fire underside Transmission lines, the ignition source of fires play an vital role for considering the calculation of fire risk. In Fynbos occurance of fire is 20% and in Kruger National Park the vegetation is 10% which are ignited through natural source like lightning where human play a major origin of fires according to (Bond 1997). Awareness and proper prevention as well as suppression of fire must involve different program of fire management .National Veld as well as forest fire act ( 101- 1998) play an important role in communal involvement for doing well prevention and strategic suppression of fire. Most of the fire burn involved in South Africa cause by different activities which are crop harvesting for example sugar cane, fire break preparation, burn of refuse and arson also. Cultural motive like the conviction , good grass fires will cause good quantity of rains are essential evidence in case of rural areas. Grass fire will exceed amount of bushes and forest fires also, b ut the last are much spectacular and is reported as more extensive in media . From the report that received on fires touching both electrical utility area and commercial forest industries area, fire on grass will frequencies come into view which is higher in case of South Africa than countries like australia - south america and united states(US). In forest area approximately 90 thousand ha in the South Africa was reported 600 fires per year, where as in Australias forest of similar size only 36 fires were traced for same period of time (as Oosthuizen pers comm. of 2003). The fact was confirmed further by report that received from Australian powers utility and TransGrid. Outages that caused by bush fire, few lines outages due to grass fire. Lightning is the main source of power outage. The bushfire outage numbers are analogous to lightning but severe bushfires was only occured around once in every five year. (Turner-pers. comm.-2003). The fire which frequency is of low intensity,i.e. the grass fires in theSouth Africa is very high than the above quoted case quoted. Methodology Adopted to Prevent Fire Methodology of Advanced Fires Information System The Advance Fire Information System methodology (AFIS) was being developed like a service module of Wide Areas of Monitoring Information Systems (WAMIS), that aimed to convey fire informations product to the researchers, the agency of Fire Protection and Disaster managers in all over South Africa will bear the effective decisions maker for monitoring natural fires and manmade fires also. AFIS is the initial close to real time Operational satellite monitoring fires system in South Africa. The architecture of the system was generally based upon MODIS Rapid -Response- Web of Fire Mapping system that developed at (University of Maryland). The CSIR have recently developed the AFIS II that is running basing upon a fully operational compliant architectures(OGC). Multiple satellites utilization The fire detection satellite that perfectly designed, are capable of spoting very small fires over a large area regularly that does not subsist yet. The only choice is making use of recent satellites which is near and middle infra- red spectral band for detection of fires. Polar orbit satellites has the gain of detecting undersized fires but at a very minimum overpass frequencies, while the geostationary satellites has the advantage of regular views over a large area (with in every 15 minutes with the MSG), where as with a very low resolution, it can only detect large quantity of fires. For making use of the benefit of high resolution image(MODIS) and regular view from the MSG, two satellites sensor has been united within AFIS. Polar Orbiter (MODIS) The two satellites MODIS are the polar orbit, that moving around North and Southern Poles of each and every 98 minutes at the time when the earth is rotating from the west to the east. The Terra scan in the South African regions between 10 to 11:30 am where as Aqua scan in afternoons between the time of 14:00 to 15:30 pm. Each of the present satellite also scan the region at the time of night (i.e.Terra at time -22:00 pm and the Aqua at- 03:00 am). Validation of the result indicate , many amount of biomes with the minimum flaming (between800-1000K) fire dimension typically visible at 50% probability with the MODIS is in the order 100m (Giglio L.- et al.- 2000). Geostationary ( MSG) A geostationary satellite MSG is that scans the Africa continent in every 15 minutes in the direction south to north . The biggest restriction is the coarse resolutions that limits the detection of minute fires. Validation for the minimum Bush-fires conference occurred in( 2006) Brisbane: 6 to 9 June( 2006) that Provide satellite based early on warning of the fires that reduce the fire flashovers in South African transmission line detectable fire of size for the MSG in South Africa is now currently being for research. Validation in USA on a similar satellite was shown a detectable size i.e. in a region of 500m but angle of scan, Biome,position of sun , temperature of land surface , cloud covering, amount of smokes and winds direction that should be the last determination factor (Prins- et al.- 2001). The percentage of fires detected by AFIS before the fire flashover had occurred. Guidelines for Safety Fires occure under the power lines may cause the mid-span of flashovers with a consequent risky step of potential. During the fire fighting activity the guiding standard for safety issues of the firemen are to be follows: The action of fire fighting is in the area of operational power lines (without line de-energization) and is permitted if : the fire that not get to the ground affected areas underneath the wire, the burning of fire under the wire the gaps present between the wire and also in the top of the flame i.e. larger than 3 m length(which is valid for a line of 400 kV ) If the fire of high flame is being detected in direct area of operational line, whose utility is to be called for de-energize the affected lines of power . For a period when the line get energized, the unsafe steps potential zones should be assessed based on the table no 1. The area of reach that within 10 m from the towers should be let alone at all the times to defend against the risks of the flashovers of the insulators under wet and polluted environment that generated due to the flames,fire fighting and dense smokes. The electrical as well as mechanical deterioration of the lines conductors which are to be taken into consideration. Safety Advice near Power Line Safety advices for the fires near the power lines ,for safety, at the time when there are fires closed to the powerline that remember: Keeping the personnel, vehicle and the attachment with a distance of at least 25m from powerline. Electricity, particularly at a high voltage can be jump across an air gap of several metres . This may means that, the direct contact with high voltage wires will not mandatory for producing a potentially lethal result. Smoke can be act as conductors. Fires that burning on / near the powerline region can significantly increased the scope of flashover occurance. Dont count up on the rubber tyres of vehicles to stop flashover from happening. Wires present on the powerlines can sag to lower end in times of maximum demand, higher temperature and high spread of fire, reduction of ground clearance level. Dont build up stocks, windrow or mound combustion material under a high voltage lines. Exercise of cautions if use of powerlines easements for the access of fire locations as convenient firebreak and as a split from commence of back burning operation or a protection areas in firestorm. Research on Fire Protection Electric fence system in urbanised environment- That is initially published in year1832, Chapter no 7 ofDomestic Manners- of -Americansby the authorFanny - Trolope whodescribes a pattern of wires which are connected with electric machines that used to look after a display i.e. called as dorfeuille's Hell in natural historyinCincinnati, western museumwhich was invented by her which waspublished in year 1870, Chapter no- 22 ofJules- Verne's20000 Leagues- Under- the -Seas,it will describes the Lightning- Bolt of Captain- Nemo i.e. electrification structure act as a suspicious weapon. that published in year1889,Mark Twain's novels A Connecticut- Yankee in- King- Arthur's- Court, use of an electric fence for the defensive purpose. David Wilson obtained US exclusive rights 343,939 in year 1886, combined protection, alarm bells and telephonic communications. He was constructed a 30-mile electric fence as experiment that energized by water wheeling in 1888, but it was not unbeaten. In the year 1905,the Russian army were improved the electric fences during theRusso and Japanese -warsat the Port of Arthur. In the year of 1915, during (World War- 1),the Germany army was mounted a Wire- of -the- Deathe. an electric fence that accompanied by a border line between Belgium -Netherlandsthat prevent illegal movement of public across the border areas. This fences cover 300 km , that consist of various strand of Copper wires, which backed with a barb wire and that energize thousand volts. An estimate of 3,000 human wounded were caused due the fence as well as there was destruction due to live stocks. Electrical fences that were used for the control of live stockin the US in early years 1930 and electrical fence technique to develop both the US andNZ. Early applications of the electric fences for livelystock controling was being developed in 1936 to1937 by NZoriginatorBill Gallagher.That built from a car ignitedtrembler coils, Gallagher was used a device that keep the horse from the scratch against car. Gallagher in later was started for improving and marketing the design.In 1962, a New Zealand inventors, doug Phillips invented the non-short able electrical fence i.e.which based on capacitance discharge.That considerably increase the range of electric fences that could used from few hundred metres 35km and that reduce the cost of fence more than 80%.The non-short able electric fences that implemented by Phillips by 1964 was pretend by different plastic products in NZ firms Waikato- of- Electric- Fence. The above ideas were being replaced by ceramic with the plastic insulator. Different varieties of plastic insulator are used on farms all over the world . By the year1939,a public safety of concerns in the US was impelled theUnderwriters' - Laboratoriesfor the publishment of a bulletin on electrical shock from an electric fence,that leads to ANSI/UL level of standard No- 69 for the electric fences controllers. In year of 1969 ,Robert- B. Cox, who is a farmer of Adams Countys , Iowas , that was invented with an improved electric fences brackets and was being issued in United States of Patent No- 3-516-643 on the date June 23rd, 1970. The bracket that improved the electrical fences that keeps the wire as high enough and above ground and is far enough from the fences to permit the grass and the weeds that breed near the wires to be shear. The brackets that attached to posts by that may be known as Pivot -binds or the torsion-lock. The weights of bracket , the append insulators and the electrical wires that attached to insulators to the bind of the brackets to post. Electrical fences have been enhanced considerably over years. The improvements includes: Poly-ethyleneinsulatorreplace theporcelaininsulator, in the begin of Poly-ethylene is much more cheaper as compared to porcelain and is also less breakable. Improvements of electric designs of fences energizer are often known as "charger" (i.e.USA) , "fencer" (in UK). Changes of In case of some authority, with certain types of electric output for fence were illegal from ( 1950s /1960s). In another areas, signage required and other possible restrictions that are limited by the usabilities. Many of the US cities that continues in having obsolete laws that prohibits electric fence to avoid agricultural fence from the entering cities . Houston of Texas for an example will changed the order which prohibit electric fence in year 2008. Introduction of a highly tensile (HT steel) fences wire in year 1970s in NZ and in 1980s in United States(US). Beginning of a synthetic webb and a rope like fence material that woven with a fine conductive wire. Designing of a moveable fences component, likeTumblewheel. References Lanoie, R., Mercure, H.P.(1989). Influence of forest fire on power line insulation (paper 30.06 ,6th Int). New Orleans: Symposium on High Voltage Eng. Vosloo, W.L., Holzhausen ,J.P., Britten, A.C.(1991). Journal Electrochemical Society: WIDLICKI Z , Wrocaw Distribution Utility: private information . Research into the detection of fires under high voltage lines ,paper 41.12, 7th Int. (1992, july). The Kuwait environment and its effects on electronic materials and components , pp. 2058-2066 . Lawton, J., Weinberg, F.J. (1964). Proc. of the Royal Society.Maximum ion currents from flames and the maximum practical effects of applied electric fields, vol. 277 A, pp. 468-497 [6]. Janat, M.(1991). Ph. D. thesis: Wroclaw University of Technology. Influence of localized flame on dielectric strength of air Mousa, A.M.( 1990 jan). IEEE Trans. on power delivery. Protecting fireman against fire-induced flashovers, pp. 297-302 [8] . Fialkov, A.B., HOMANN , K.H. (2001 Nov). Combustion and Flame: WEST H.J.Large molecules, ions, radicals, and small soot particles in fuel-rich hydrocarbon flames part VI: positive ions of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in low-pressure premixed flame of nbutane and oxygen, pp. 2076-2090 . Mulan, D.W. Mc.(1978). IEEE-PES Winter Power Meeting: New York 1978.Fire induced flashovers of EHV transmission lines, paper A 73-047-2 [10] . Avila , J.L, Robledo,A.Martinez.(2001). Symposium on High Voltage Eng: ISH Bangalore .Effect of polarity on DC flame breakdown. , pp. 310-313.Int. Xiang, Hu, Jiazheng,Lu , Xiangjun, Zeng, Hongxian, Zhang.(2010). Journal of Elec1ric Power Science And Technology. Analysis on transmission line trip caused by mountain fire and discussion on tripping preventing measures.

Art History Through the 19th Century Essay Example

Art History Through the 19th Century Essay Artists have forever been able to take us to places where we have never been or would like to go. They can make our fantasies come alive on the canvas and transport our thoughts to far off places. Real life is often harder to paint because you are bound by reality and your audience is not always willing to face it. Therefore, the artists that can paint reality but connect it in some way to our fantasies are the ones that truly understand the power of art. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres painted the Grand Odalisque in 1814 during the Romantic era of France. He uses a classical linear style and narrates morality, which is referred to as a poussiniste technique. France at the time was fascinated with the orient and other far off places and politically involved with Turkey and Africa. The erotica of this painting captured them and took them where one’s imagination could take control and forbidden things could be explored. Ingres uses a classically influenced body on the female with the volumetric, softly lit, warm skin that is revealed to the viewer. Her reclining pose is one so familiar to the art world and obviously referencing the earlier masterpieces Ingres studied during his life. He has idealized the woman’s shape by elongating her back and softening her curves. ( If you can mention elongated poses were often used because long limbs on a woman was considered ideal beauty. There is also a name for this kind of pose but I cannot think of it. Commonly found in mannerism but that was like 1520-1600, and was High Renaissance. That might help you find the term. High Renaissance features elongated, contorted poses, crowded canvases, and harsh lighting and coloring. We will write a custom essay sample on Art History Through the 19th Century specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Art History Through the 19th Century specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Art History Through the 19th Century specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer You could use that to compare) Her face portrayed as more like those of the Renaissance, (nice you picked up on that) idealized, as well and looking straight out at the viewer. She is doing what the concubines did best, inviting us in to her private scene. With Mannerist (good) and Venetian colors, the background fabrics are cool and highly detailed to contrast the warmth and smoothness of the woman’s skin. Ingres’ hyper real details throughout the scene only help sell the illusion that this is something that could be in real life. The props placed in this harem complete the erotica of the scene and add symbolic reference to the romantic scene. A pipe is placed to the side symbolizing the euphoric atmosphere. The Odalisque holds a peacock fan in her hand and sensually brushes it against her upper thigh. The jeweled turban and gold bracelets are characteristic of the orient and add to the focus of her nude body. With all the erotic reference and symbolism the viewers were able to peek at a forbidden and immoral scene without having to confront the subject of sex. I remember this one and it was consider a Oriental nude, which in those times the idea of sex was lessen he does by showing orient artifacts the fan the turban placing her in orient setting was exploiting women trapped in their own closed world. She gases as if tired broken and worn down. ) Manet was a painter of the Realism era that referenced Ingres’ Grand Odelisque with his Olympia, painted in 1865. This painting is considered to be the very f irst truly modern painting. Here we have the reclining female nude again, but this time it is portrayed as never before. Much like the Odelisque, Olympia is a nickname of some of the prostitutes of the time. However, Olympia is an actual portrait of Victorine Meurent, a local French prostitute. Manet has not simply painted a female nude as so many before him, but instead he has taken it a step further and painted this female naked. This painting is closely modeled after the Venus of Urbino from Venice because of the position of the figure and the composition of the scene. Even though there are some large differences, Olympia has most in common with Ingres’ Odalisque. Both paintings show the figures with some ornaments and accessories on their nude bodies. Manet chose to put more focus on the fact this his woman was purposefully naked by leaving a ribbon on her neck and by having one of her slippers be carelessly dangling off her foot. He places an exotic orchid in her hair, which is considered erotic and sexual and a black cat at the foot of the bed the represents promiscuity. A clever opposite of the Venus of Urbino’s dog placed at the end of the bed for fidelity. Line was very important to Manet as it was to Ingres. His color patch technique and hard light earned more critisism for Manet. The Salon said that his figure looked flat and un-modeled, but Manet wasn’t trying to portray an ideal feminine embodiment. He was trying to show us the scene as it was seen it in real life. This was a look into another forbidden scene of fantasy except with the reality of the current indulgers. Unlike the Odalisque Olympia was not received by the public as a glimpse into forbidden pleasures, instead she was looked at as a public display of France’s immorality. While some critics labeled the painting as pornography, the crowds were very intrigued by Olympia and came in rushes to see her when she was finally displayed. This was not meant to through France’s moral faults at her but to capture the way she was at the time, life without idealistic cover-up. Although the people of France were disgusted that Manet would want to capture a prostitute, they were more appalled at her haughty gaze towards them. She was the one in control and the critics were not used to that kind of mood. Society was undergoing revolutions in the industrial, intellectual and working classes so control was a big concern. Realist painters like Manet were more concerned with making the everyday subjects be acceptable in art instead of playing to the ideal. I chose to write about these works because of the effect they had on me the first time that I saw them in this class. The Grand Odalisque was stunning and made me want to creep into the picture. It’s a beautiful work with captivating detail. Olympia was my favorite from this half of the semester class. She stares at you so matter of fact and as if to beg you to challenge her. Her small frame is so different from the voluptuous models seen so many times before. I think that the two offer a very intriguing comparison and are worthy of recognition. Both Ingres and Manet painted the reclining female nude, one as a concubine and the other as a prostitute. They focused the lighting on their figures and were concerned with the use of line. Although the detail that Ingres used did not match the brushwork of Manet, they still were both obviously concerned with symbolism. The biggest difference between the Grand Odalisque and Olympia is in how they were received by the public. Ingres harem was from somewhere far away in an exotic land where this scene was supposedly acceptable. The viewers were invited into the scene as bystanders and able to indulge the fantasies with imaginations of that place. Manet’s bedroom scene was just like the one that everyone had at home and very familiar. As the viewer you are locked into the gaze of the female as if you were there for her. She makes you part of the scene instead of a bystander. Your fantasies of her are laid out in plain view and reminding you of the current socially unacceptable prostitution taking place. Ingres was a master of fantasy and used hyper-detail to fake reality, but Manet could paint reality and connect it to the fantasies that we indulge in our everyday life. This association that Manet mastered between the fantasy world and the actual world makes anything possible for the viewer, and that is the true power of art.

Tobias Smollett Biography Essays - Picaresque Novels, Free Essays

Tobias Smollett Biography Essays - Picaresque Novels, Free Essays Tobias Smollett Biography Tobias George Smollett (1721-1771), Scottish novelist, was born in Dalquhurn, Dumbarton County Scotland. Smollett was born beneath a plane tree at Dalquharn House on the family estate of Bon hill in the Vale of Leven, near the village of Renton, Dumbartonshire. At fourteen Smollett was apprenticed to a Glasgow doctor. He studied medicine at Glasgow University and moved to London in 1740. He was a ship's surgeon in the Carragena expedition against the Spanish in the West Indies, and lived in Jamaica until 1744 when he returned to London and renewed his earlier attempts to stage a play he had written The Regicide, but still met with no success. He also failed to set up his own medical practice. His first novel, the partly autobiographical Roderick Random (1748), was an immediate success. His best novel, The Expedition of Humphry Clinker (1771), has become a classic. It is a story, told in a series of letters, about the travels of a family through England and Scotland. Smollett was troubled by lack of money. He spent his last years in poor health, and died in Livorno, Italy, on October 21, 1771. Two years later, Johnson and Boswell stayed at Cameron House with Smollett's cousin James, who was preparing to erect a Tuscan column in Smollett's memory at Renton. Johnson helped compose the Latin obituary on the plinth, and the column stood in what subsequently became the playground of a school. Some of Tobias Smollett's work consists of The Tears of Scotland (1746). Poem on the defeat of the Scots at the Battle of Culloden. The Adventures of Roderick Random ( 1748 ). Gil Blas. Translation of LeSage's novel. ( 1749 ). The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle ( 1751 ). The Adventures of Ferdinand, Count Fathom ( 1753 ). Don Quixote. Translation of Cervantes' novel. ( 1755). The Adventures of Sir Lancelot Greaves ( 1760 ). Travels through France and Italy ( 1766 ). The History and Adventures of an Atom ( 1769 ). The Expedition of Humphrey Clinker ( 1771 ). Some critics regard Tobias Smollet as more satirist meaning that a work of literature or art that, by inspiring laughter, contempt, or horror, seeks to correct the follies and abuses it uncovers. I don't know what that means though. This is a paragraph from Tobias Smollett's book The Adventures of Roderick Random. Roderick Random is the orphaned, unwanted grandson of a severe old Scots magistrate, exposed by his grandfather's known neglect to the malice of the community. His principal enemies are the schoolmaster and the young heir. It is not long before a deus ex machina appears in the form of a sailor uncle: He was a strongly built man, somewhat bandy-legged, with a neck like that of a bull, and a face which had withstood the most obstinate assaults of the weather. His dress consisted of a soldier's coat, altered for him by the ship's tailor, a striped flannel jacket, a pair of red breeches japanned with pitch, clean grey worsted stockings, large silver buckles that covered theree-fourths of his shoues, a silver laced hat whosecrown overlooked the brim about an inch and a half, a black bob wig in buckle, a check shirt, a silk hankerchief, a henger with a brass handle girded on his thigh by a tarnished laced belt, and a good oak plant under his arm. I picked this paragraph because here Smollett is describing the hero of the story Roderick Random. I believe it is important to have a brief if not full description of characters, so that you can imagine seeing them maybe even being there, in your mind, while they are doing what is described in the book.

Educational Excellence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Educational Excellence - Essay Example The area of improvement encompasses mathematics. The data was compared between those who were born in 1983 and those born in 1997. When 20 students of the 4th grade born in 1983 were examined for proficiency in reading and writing, only 6 were found to be proficient while 20 students born in 1997, when examined for similar proficiency 7 students were found to be proficient in reading. The area showed less improvement (US Department of Education: A Nation Accountable). When 1983 born 4th class students were observed for proficiency in mathematics, only 4 were found to be proficient. Students born in 1997, when examined for proficiency in mathematics 8 out of 20 were found to be proficient in mathematics. Indicating that proficiency in mathematics increased two-fold. On close observation it is observed that 20 children born in 1983, entered school in 1988, of these 20, 14 graduates on time in 2001, of these 14, 10 started college but by 2007 only 5 could earn their degrees (US Department of Education: A Nation Accountable). California has shown very poor improvement when compared to other states of United States. According to 2005 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), California stands seventh lowest in 8th grade mathematics when compared with other states of USA. When their competitive spirit was calculated, California was at the bottom quarter. The students of 8th grade when compared for their reading skills they were the third lowest and just above the Hawaii and Columbia. The Californian students were poor in science they stand second lowest and just above the Mississippi. Indicating the education excellence could not meet the perfection in California (States vs. Countries in Math). According to the NY Times, Massachusetts shows maximum of 51% of mathematics proficiency, as compared to California which has 24 percent of proficiency in mathematics when students from eighth-grade were compared between various states and different

Is Assuming the Role of Citizen Journalist Worth the Risk Essay

Is Assuming the Role of Citizen Journalist Worth the Risk - Essay Example This facility of communicating information on various events has been made possible for the people, by the Internet. Before the invention of the internet, professional reporters used to be the only ones reporting information on current events. But the Internet and other forms of media, has allowed regular citizens to do the same. (Tony Rogers).  Citizen journalism, as far as blogging and writing different articles is concerned, does not seem to hurt anyone and only portrays the freedom of speech that has been granted to the people. But making videos of incidents such as a fire or a car crash can be pretty dangerous. Some people involved in such accidents seem more concerned with recording the event in any way than to get to safety or helping other to reach a safe point. For example, such an event took place when there was some problem with an airplane and an emergency landing had to be done. A passenger on the airplane named Eddie Ho was caught taking pictures and making a video of the emergency evacuation being done by the airport authorities. His actions did not please the authorities at all, and he was reprimanded by the chairman of the National Transportation Safety Board, that his job was to get out of the plane safely and help others in evacuating as quickly as possible. During such events, amateur reporting or making videos is not praised but criticized. At the same time, when the investigators acknowledged the pictures taken by Eddie, saying that they could be valuable during the inquiry, they also stated that even pausing for a minute during such situations can be detrimental for the person himself and the other people. They recommend that the wisest thing to do is for the people to get to safety and not worry about taking pictures or videos, which might or might not be helpful.